0 8025 8033 8039 8043 8049 8051 8055 8061 8063 8069 8075 8079 8081 8085 8091 8093 8099 8103 8105 8109 8111 8115 8117 8119 8120 8121 8123 8124 8125 8127 8129 8133 8135 8139 8141 8145 8151 8153 8159 8163 8165 8169 8175 8181 8183 8189 8193 8195 8201 8205 8211 8219 11751 T. hors?eldii. The generic distinctness of T. hors?eldii was accepted by a small number of authorities only (e.g., Chkhikvadze 1983, 1989; Obst 1985; Parham et al. 2006); most continued to treat it as a species of Testudo (e.g., Wermuth and Mertens 1977; Bour 1980; Crumly 1985; Ernst et al. 2000; Fritz and Cheylan 2001; Fritz et al. 2005, 2006, 2007; Le et al. 2006). A few palaeonto- logical investigations transferred the extant northern Mediterranean T. hermanni into either Agrionemys (Gmira 1993a, b, 1995)or Protestudo Chkhikvadze, 1970 (Chkhikvadze 1983), the latter of which also includes several extinct species. Lapparent de Broin et al. (2006) described a new genus, Eurotestudo, to include some fossil species, the extant T. hermanni and two additional extant species, ‘‘Testudo boettgeri’’ and ‘‘Testudo hercegovinensis’’ that are typically viewed as being conspeci?c with T. hermanni (e.g., Fritz et al. 2006). Although molecular genetic methods have proven to be a powerful tool for revealing phylogeography and species borders within Testudo (Fritz et al. 2005, 2006, 2007; Siroky and Fritz 2007), they have at the same time considerably increased the number of contradicting phylogenetic hypotheses. For instance, 12S rRNA data proposed Testudo as being paraphyletic with respect to certain tropical testudinids (Indotestudo elongata, per- haps also Geochelone carbonaria, G. denticulata, G. pardalis, G. sulcata; van der Kuyl et al. 2002). Based on sequence data of the complete mitochondrial genome, however, Parham et al. (2006) did not support a paraphyletic Testudo with respect to G. pardalis; other Geochelone species were not studied. Instead, Parham et al. (2006) found, with weak statistical support, T. hermanni+T. hors?eldii to be the sister-group of a clade comprising the African Malacochersus tornieri and Indotestudo elongata+I. forstenii from Southeast Asia, whereas T. graeca+(T. kleinmanni+T. marginata) were strongly supported as the sister-group to all other species. By contrast, a third investigation (Le et al.2006) of all extant testudinid genera using three mitochondrial (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, cyt-b) and two nuclear genes (Cmos, Rag2) found T. hors?eldii+ (T. kleinmanni+T. graeca) to be monophyletic, with M. tornieri and Indotestudo forming the sister-taxa, either as successive sister-taxa or as a monophyletic clade. Unfortunately, T. hermanni and T. marginata were not studied. In the present study, we expand the ?ve-gene dataset of Le et al. (2006) to include sequence information for the two Testudo species (T. hermanni, T. marginata) that were lacking in that study, with the goal of answering several outstanding points of contention within the genus. First, we examine whether or not the ?ve western Palaearctic testudinids are monophyletic. Second, and more speci?cally, we address the question of whether or not T. hermanni, one of the best known and most frequently cited tortoise species of the world, should be placed in a distinct genus. Finally, we examine whether or not the suggestions of Le et al. (2006) to place the African Geochelone pardalis in the otherwise exclusively South African genus Psammobates, and G. yniphora in the monotypic genus Angonoka is justi?ed in the face of considerable morphological evidence against such place- INT18JAN1213 20PREMIUM ?????丶 talk to strangers 如今，年轻人经常通过手机发送短信保持联系 cane sturd Remember:Whatevcrhappens,happensforareason. sturdy 大家好！我的名字叫做理查，我的一天作息时间比较平常，但是它对于我来说，却变得很有意义，让生活变得更充实。 dialysised SCM in the utilization of hardware resources to be very high for the job so although the original is still in the compilation of a lot of use. WANG LANZHEN 否则就太晚了 Please give the comment in 10 days 好运坚信 You are a good kisse 我很想说你看起来像没穿鞋子。 that is he who wants to see you 违反校规的事Violation 好，明天在山脚下集合 学生要避免解释，因为缺乏蛋白质和铁会损害他们的健康 Imsifolder Actions speak louder than words 这令我很难受 dialysed 人有好多无奈啊 It is he who wants to see you To address in a timely manner 这部演了一个半小时。 I can't see you tears flow The most beautiful thing，Everything is your appearance.The few I sincerely treat people，Thank you very much，The next road Let me rush.Regardless of the outcome，No turning back... 我想你，肯定你也在想我 吃晚饭了吗？不要喝太多的酒 Сара давай я напишу тебе завтра, я пошла спать. 一生有爱 Upon checking the items we have noted the following: 2011年底盘点工作已全部结束,总的来说还是非常成功的 it is consider that ma on sha Development framework for tourism and hospitality
